Caring for your teeth do look trivial, but not necessarily easy to practice it. To get healthy teeth in an optimal fashion to adulthood does require treatment as early as possible. Since he was a baby the parents should help make this treatment. Treatment itself is not only limited to the teeth, because it actually comes to dental care and dental care mouth.

Infants who do not have teeth, we must first take care of their gums to prevent fungal infections. After a tooth and had entered the early childhood they are sometimes a bit difficult to understand the benefits of a toothbrush. This is where the role of the mother is required, because the mother had to pro-actively guide their children to perform maintenance on the teeth.

Treatment in infants
The first thing to do is clean the baby's teeth with cotton or gauze that was given water and then gently rub the teeth. This can be done while baby is sleeping or when he woke up (if he wants) while playing games.

Do not use water that is too cold or too warm, usually the baby will surprise and he did not want to brush his teeth. Therefore, you can mix warm water with a little salt and then began wash the teeth. Remember, not too salty salt. Composition is a glass of salt water with a teaspoon, then stirred

At the next level when the baby grows into a child, he should be taught how to brush teeth correctly and when. The latter case continuity / continuity to these habits can continue until they grow up.

Vaccine for infants in early life is very important to prevent dangerous diseases. One of the most important to be given a vaccination for hepatitis B.

Hepatitis B vaccine for infants is important because a common transmission is through the birth canal of mothers who have hepatitis B or it is called vertical transmission. This transmission is more dangerous because when he grew up, the baby may be suffering from chronic hepatitis.

From people with chronic hepatitis in the community, about 90 percent of whom were infected they were babies. Infection of the mother who suffered from viral hepatitis may occur from the time of birth until the child reaches the age of a toddler.

Infection is probably due to the birth canal during birth mother was wounded and bleeding, making it easier for blood contamination-prone skin friction labor. In addition, infection can also occur when breastfeeding mothers, in which the wound on the nipple easy way out virus.

Transmission of hepatitis B virus in infants is not derived from the blood of infants that are connected to the mother or the baby through the placenta from mother's milk. But it could happen as well when labor or breast-feeding in which contact occurs between the small wounds on the mother's nipple to baby's mouth.

To prevent this transmission, each infant required a hepatitis B vaccine at the age of 0-7 days. In addition, prevention may also be made of the high-risk mothers by making vaccination during pregnancy.

It should be emphasized, for positive pregnant women suffering from the virus, in addition to active vaccination, the baby must also be immunized with the provision of passive serum. With passive vaccination (immunoglobuline) will direct the baby's body was immune to hepatitis B infection from mother during childbirth.

The importance of prevention of hepatitis B from an early age because the disease does not provide complaints and symptoms. The situation is clearly dangerous because children can look healthy, but in the body contains the hepatitis B virus that would run chronic progressive and chronic when they grow up . When you have chronic, the new will provide among other symptoms is weak, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, bone pain, loss of skin and yellow eyes and urine discoloration are striking.

Cataracts. Diseases of the eye during this you may perceive as eye disease of the elderly (senior citizens). Whereas cataract can attack the newborn though.

You need to be alert Moms. If you found your baby's eyes do not focus, his eyes kept moving like looking for something, that's one sign of your baby suffering from cataracts.

Cataract signs
Cataracts are changes in the previous lens clear and translucent to opaque. There looks white in the middle of the black eyes or brown. Turbidity is blocking the entry of light to the retina resulting in a blurred image. Cataracts are known to attack babies with Congenital Cataract.

The process of entry of light on the eye nerve is very important for baby's vision of the future, because if there is interference after the entry of light four-month-old baby, then the nerves will be a lazy eye and reduced function. If this type of cataract is left, the baby will look for the light through the dark hole pupils, and pupils will eventually move on because the light still does not exist.

Detecting and dealing with early cataracts is very important, before going amblyopia in the eye. Amblyopia is the inability of the retina receives images of external objects. Retina was not stimulated by the light well so that could hamper the development of retina. As a result it is quite possible your baby will suffer from blindness.

It is not easy to detect. Moreover, in addition to your baby can not communicate, visual development, walking step by step. Starting only saw the light-dark, colors, objects, and then formed the system that connects the eye to the brain completely.

Causes of Congenital Cataract
Cataracts in babies can be kind of reason. However, the most common cause is an infant infected with rubella virus while still in the womb. Known as rubella or German measles syndrome and fragile occur in the first three months of pregnancy.

As for symptoms such as itching, burning with red spots on the skin. The disease is caused by a virus that originated from the air, as a way to attack the influenza virus. To prevent that, in women of childbearing age can undergo serological tests for rubella. If you do not have the antibodies, she is given a new immunization and may become pregnant three months after the injection. Rubella addition, pregnant women with diabetes are also at risk berkatarak baby.

Surgery

A baby who was confirmed to be suffering from cataract surgery / cataract surgery. At least the baby was 2 months old or depending on the overall health condition. However, the surgery should be performed before the three-month-old baby to retinal eye can still thrive. Cataract surgery performed with general anesthesia. A cloudy lens removed with a small incision in the eye.

Phacoemulsification
Technology of modern cataract surgery using the machine with technology Phacoemulsification. The width of the incision wound is minimal operations of 1,8-2,2 mm. Cuts do not need stitches and use artificial lens (intra-ocular lens / lens implant / lens planting) to replace the cataract lens. In adults this operation does not require hospitalization. As for the baby required hospitalization for 1 night.

PREGNANCY indicated quality of the physical and mental health of the mother and fetus, and when the baby is born and lives in the future. For that living a healthy lifestyle and stay away from cigarettes.

Smoking can cause cancer, heart attack, impotence, and pregnancy disorders and the fetus. You must already familiar with this usual government warnings contained in the cigarette packs or tobacco advertisements.

Pregnancy is a gift that should be kept as possible by watching the various factors that can affect pregnancy, one with distance themselves from exposure to cigarettes (either as active or passive smokers).

Numerous studies show that pregnant women who smoke higher risk of miscarriage, premature birth, and children with low birth weight. Recently, a large-scale study in England also revealed that women who smoke when pregnant gave birth to a child at risk of hyperactive or suffering from concentration problems and difficulty paying attention when they were 3 years old (preschool).

Previous studies have also been reported that there is significant risk in men, children of school age. Well, this latest study is the first to connect smoking during pregnancy with the problem of boys and girls aged 3 years. For the purposes of this study, the research team from the University of York, Hull-York Medical School, analyzed about 13,000 boys and girls aged 3 years in a study called the UK Millennium Cohort Study.

Observed children's behavior through a number of questions asked on parents, teachers, and caregivers. Among other issues hyperactivity disorder and attention disorders, such as how easily the child is torn concentration or attention. Another indicator is the tantrum behavior, fighting or other bad attitude children, as well as negative behavior such as stealing, lying, and cheating.

Researchers also consider other factors that influence the event. For example family economic status, parental education level, ethnicity, parental marital status, financial difficulties, as well as smoking behavior, drinking or drug use during pregnancy.

Almost 10 percent of women (mothers of these children) known to smoke heavily, which is more than 10 sticks per day during pregnancy. Meanwhile, 12.5 percent of women smoked light (less than 10 sticks per day), and 12.4 percent are those who try to quit during pregnancy.

Given that the risk of having children who have behavioral disorders or attention problems was higher in pregnant women smokers, especially those who smoked up before delivery. The highest risk is concerned, if a woman smoked during pregnancy (9 months).

They also found that the effects of smoking during pregnancy is different in boys and girls. Boys who are exposed to cigarette smoke while still in the womb tend to have more behavioral and attention disorders, while female children have behavioral disorders only.

"The emphasis of this risk primarily on how long this pregnant woman smoking (during pregnancy), not how the number of cigarettes smoked," said one of the research team, Dr Kate E Pickett, about a study published the Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health.

She added that pregnant women who smoke heavily and continuously (persistent) higher risk of having sons who are behavior problems than lighter smokers. As for the children of women, the effect on the duration of smoking more than the number of cigarettes smoked.

"The equation, for the problem of hyperactivity and attention disorders, both heavy and light smokers were both increased the risk compared to the non smoker," said Pickett.

This study certainly adds more evidence of the trend relationship between heavy smokers and the mood of the child. Previous studies in animals showed that nicotine is a "poison" for behavior.

Imagine, pregnant women who smoke not only apparently give fetus with hazardous chemicals that can affect its development. Furthermore, she also would reduce the nature and behavior associated with their smoking habits during pregnancy.

Most women smokers trying to quit smoking during pregnancy to protect your baby. Another part of this study mention, the girl whose mother quit smoking during pregnancy have a lower risk of behavior problems than girls whose mothers had never smoked. Why be so?

Researchers assume that the determination and efforts to quit smoking during pregnancy showed that the women concerned have the capacity to adapt to the circumstances and the ability to plan and postpone the pleasure (the ability to quit smoking). In other words, it also shows signs easygoing temperament which she inherited her female children.

Do we need to clean our baby's earwax ? Does it will be out by itself? How would it be if the earwax not to be cleaning, can it become hard and close my baby ear?

Ear scrapings Danger!

Actually, there's nothing wrong in cleaning the baby's ear. It's just to note is that the ear which needs to be cleaned and how to clean it.

First, do not pick the baby ear wax using a cotton bud. Apart from cotton can be left in the ear, if you're not careful, can lining of the small punctured eardrum. If it were so, fatal consequences!

Again, it would result in push the ear sap (serumen) into the deeper parts of the ear. Naturally, the sap will be produced again. If scraping done continuously, the sap that will accumulate and clog driven, so the hearing could decline because the sound waves can not properly channeled.

Not only that, scrape the ears can also lead to conflict because the baby's ear forms an angle. This conflict will lead to swelling or bleeding. Scraping that are too hard or deep can lead to trauma, plus a wall of baby's ears bleed easily.

Worse, scrape the ears can also make a collapse, you know! You may have experienced coughing when the ear scraped. Well, this is caused by nerve reflexes pagus contained in the wall of the ear.

Pagus nerve extends into the throat, chest to the abdomen. Coughing is a reflex that light. Hard reflex can cause severe and dangerous collapses. Well, do not let it happen to your beloved baby.

Outer Ear Clean Only!

Second, same as with other organs, baby ears also need to be cleaned. Well, in this case, Moms just enough to clean outer ear, as seen by the eye. No need to clean up far into the hole or ear canal.

If you try to clean up the ear canal, most impurities will be pushed even deeper into parts, namely, the eardrum. So that dirt can accumulate and harden, especially if the type of dry and hard stools.

If not careful, cotton bud or other poker tools can injure the skin or ear drum, causing infection. Ear disorder cases among children under five because of how clean the ears which is pretty much going wrong. These infections often cause fevers.

Conducted by the Expert

Cleaning the ear wax in the ear canal can only be made by the experts. Then there is the dirt that has been known to harden near the eardrum small, immediately check with your ENT surgeon to remove.

Usually the doctor will give you ear drops (10 per cent carbolic glycerine) to solve these impurities. Broken dirt sprayed or scraped out with special equipment. Well, an infection that arises because the goods times was overcome with irritation dirt antibiotic drug delivery.

Baby Ear Cleaning Tips

If you ever felt misgivings as to clean the baby's ears so Do not be afraid! As long as you know how and do it right, your baby's ears will be guaranteed clean. Automatically, his hearing was not disturbed. Come, see the following tip!

1. After the baby shower, clean enough outer ear canal dry with a tissue.
2. Gentle hum tunes and get the baby "conversation", in order to please her ear cleaning activities.
3. Wet baby's special cotton bud round with warm water first. Hold the baby's head, then cleaned the front, grooves in ear, and behind the earlobe carefully. Do the same for the other ear. Once completed, dry your child's ears with a towel or soft cloth.
4. Avoid using chemicals (baby oil) to clean the baby's ear because sometimes cause irritation or oily skin added.
5. Do not clean the ear with scraping ways, either using a cotton bud or other objects. Clean the outer ear, because the outer ear consists of the ear and the ear hole. Ear framework and a third of the outer ear canal consists of elastic cartilage, so it safe to clean.
6. Try to make your baby chew or suck pacifiers food properly. Chewing or sucking on pacifiers is a natural mechanism for the body to remove impurities from the ear.

MANY parents admitted that all feeling tired and stressed that hit, instantly disappear instantly when look at a tiny little one's face. Especially if it includes baby who are not fussy, not easily disturbed his sleep even with the sound in the vicinity. Nice to have a child who he said was 'calm', but you need to be careful! Try to evaluate your baby's hearing! Be careful if the baby is sleeping soundly, undisturbed sound slamming doors or other loud noise, because the possibility of hearing loss.

Since being in the womb, the baby can already hear. Seen on ultrasound examination, when the baby respond to moving sound waves produced by ultrasound.

After birth, the baby is able to hear voices around him. The proof? When he heard a noise, he woke up. Just because the brain and motor development has not been perfect, the reaction to the extent attributable to cry or open his eyes. As get older, the response increasingly diverse, such as turning, advancing toward the sound and so forth.

During this development, children are not only able to hear, but also record the types of sounds into the brain. No wonder the age of 8 months, he was able to recognize voices mothers, fathers, or caregivers. This recording will someday be in the recall at the time your baby learn to talk.

Be sensitive to the baby Response

So, how to detect hearing loss with ease? Simply way, it can be done through the game sound like applause, coughing, banging cans, and so forth. Normal baby will respond to sounds. Can with a wink, his expression changed, stop sucking breast milk or bottled milk, reacted with surprise and lifted his feet and hands.

In older babies, often responding to turn his head at the sound source. At a minimum, he sought the source of the sound with eye movements. If your baby does not react, parents should immediately take him to the doctor!

Inspection Since Age 2 Days

On further investigation, usually the baby will be age-appropriate audiometry tests, including tests OAE (Oto Acoustic Emission) or BERA (brainstem Auditory Evoked Response). How it works by using computers, and assisted a number of surface electrodes taped to the baby's scalp. Baby are given a voice stimuli, then recorded on a computer, the result will be data in graphical form. Well, then known threshold of hearing.

Investigation aims to ascertain whether there really hearing loss, type of hearing loss as well as the location of abnormalities that cause hearing loss. So it could be the best solution for further treatment, in the hope that children can communicate with or without hearing aids.

Parents need being encouraged hearing babies from the age of 2 days. The more rapid and appropriate intervention. The results will be better.

Examination should be performed early if the baby has some risk factors. Such as family history of congenital deafness (congenital deafness / descent), history of prenatal infection (TORCHS = Toxoplasma, Rubella, Cytomegalo Virus, Herpes), infants with abnormal anatomy of the ears, the baby is born with low birth weight / low birth weight <1500 g, birth with action (vacuum), hyperbilirubinemia / baby yellow, heavy asphyxia (birth did not cry).

The occurrence of hearing loss will impact the delay will talk to the baby. In addition, parents must be sensitive to the condition of the baby. Beware if a child is difficult to understand conversations in noisy environments, speech difficult to understand the child, the child talk too weak / strong, speech which is incomplete or many words missing.

When the child's condition partially deaf (hearing impaired) and not the total deaf, which means reduced hearing function can still be used to communicate with or without hearing aids. Therefore early detection is needed, even if it must use tools, equipment give the best support for the children.

WHEN pregnant every woman experiencing weight gain. Keep in mind, however, increase the weight of not more than 18 kg. Why?

If you are pregnant right now, immediately weighed. Is it still within normal limits? In fact there is no standard rule about how an increase in maternal weight during pregnancy. In other words, every pregnant woman may experience different increases.

However, recent studies suggest that in the United Pregnant Women monitor weight gain to no more than 18 pounds. The reason is, if more than that, he doubled risk of giving birth big babies. The baby is great according to the Association of American Obstetrics and Gynecology is a baby weighing 4 kilograms or more. While the WHO says, the average weight and normal healthy baby at birth is 3.2 kilograms.

In a study published in the journal Obstetrics and Gynecology, researchers involve participants more than 40,000 American women and their babies. Once analyzed, data showed that one in five women experienced an increase in excess weight during pregnancy, which make it risky double big baby.

The case of gestational diabetes (diabetes caused by pregnancy) is also often the cause of babies are born with excess weight. However, other facts in this study revealed that the pregnant women increased more than 18 pounds still great potential to have the baby even if he did not have gestational diabetes.

"Given the number of women who experience an increase in weight of more than 18 pounds during pregnancy, the advice to avoid obesity during pregnancy is an important health messages to be distributed," said Dr. Teresa Hillier, a staff researcher of the Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research in Portland, Oregon.

Hillier insisted, pregnant women that excess weight increases risk having a large baby, which also means the baby's future risk grows with the problem of being overweight or obese. For pregnant women, the fetus is too big a risk complicates the process of birth, such as increasing the possibility tear or vaginal bleeding, and the possibility to give birth by cesarean section. While the fetus itself at risk of "stuck" in the shoulder or collarbone broken during delivery.

In these studies, Hiller and his team analyzed data from 41,540 medical records of women who gave birth in Washington, Oregon, and Hawaii in the period 1995-2003. A total of gestational diabetes is detected and as much as 5.4 percent of which is handled through diet, exercise, and if necessary be given insulin to control blood sugar levels.

Overall, as many as 20 percent of the pregnant women gained weight more than 18 pounds of baby. While pregnant women with normal body weight increase in the number of babies less than 12 percent.

The most high-risk groups is that pregnant women weight increased more than 18 kg and gestational diabetes, which is nearly 30 percent of this group of big babies. While the normal weight as well pregnant women diabetes who gave birth to a large number of only 13.5 percent range.

Researchers reveal, these findings suggest women should avoid excessive weight increase during pregnancy and pregnant women diagnosed with gestational diabetes, also should try to keep weight gain no more than 18 pounds.

Case of body weight increase during pregnancy had continued to increase during the last two decades, and researchers speculate that it is likely related to the obesity epidemic that occurred since childhood.

This DURING pregnant women who have a history of diabetes tended to anxiety because of the mention of the baby will be born with excess weight. This condition can be overcome provided the pregnant woman can control their blood sugar levels.

Dr. Eliezer Shalev and her colleagues from Ha'Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel studied pregnant women with diabetes. The study, published journal Obstetrics & Gynecology, involved 134 pregnant women who were divided into two groups. The first group of 67 people, not people with diabetes and the second group 53 pregnant women with diabetes. In the group of women with diabetes, blood sugar levels closely monitored so that the blood sugar level was always normal scale.

The results found an average weight of newborns between the two groups is not much different. A total of 11 births of all respondents have a baby weighing no more than 4 pounds, which can be said normal weight babies. Hence Shalev suggested mothers with diabetes following the proper diet, which can keep blood sugar levels during pregnancy.

Baby but constipated? I'm so feel uncomfortable every time see him moaning in pain when defecate.

When facing this situation, parents should not worried. Indeed, in most cases, constipation in infants or children are not dangerous. However, a small portion can be fatal. Therefore, it is important for parents to make sure the cause for your baby to get proper treatment.

Hard stool

What is constipation? Infants who experience constipation means that the baby is experiencing difficulty in defecating. Usually symptoms are hard feces and hard as stone, very hard and sore when he came out, sometimes there is blood in the stool due to injury anus, even palpable stool masses in the abdominal wall. If it were so, would not be surprised if your little one moaning in pain and being fussy.

Keep in mind, constipation has nothing to do with the baby's frequency defecate every day. Because, the frequency of bowel movements on each baby is different. Infants fed breast milk may be experiencing defecate each finished feeding or only once in 3-5 days. While baby fed formula and older children may be experiencing defecate every 2-3 days. It is perfectly normal.

Unlike when the formula-fed babies has bowel movements 2 to 4 days once, but hard feces, then it is considered constipation. Another case in breastfed infants, although the amount of defecate 2 - 5 days but once-soft-stool consistency was not considered constipation.

Not Suitable with Infant Formula

Yes, indeed constipation often occurs in babies who start drinking milk formula. Because, the composition of formula milk is harder to digest by the baby's digestive system and make the stool harder than breastfed babies.

Sometimes the content of calcium and phosphorus contained in the formula is too high. Whereas the ability of infants who are not perfect kidneys could not process large amounts of phosphate. This affects both the absorption of these substances in the intestine. Keep in mind, the need for phosphorus (iron) in infants 0-6 months is 0.5 mg per day. If excessive, it can cause infant constipation.

Unlike the breast milk, in addition to the content of both substances were lower, milk contains lactose substances that can thin the feces. Breast milk more easily digested than formula milk. That is why babies are given breast milk rarely constipated.

In addition, the manufacture of infant formula that is too thick, fluid intake is less, or the baby does not fit a certain formula, can also trigger the occurrence of constipation.

Eat Pattern Changes

As babies get older, constipation can also lurk at the time when a baby is introduced to solid food. In some babies are still less than perfect digestive enzymes so can not chew food properly. But not to worry, if constipation is caused by digestive enzymes, usually as when age your baby get old will get better digestion conditions. Moreover, physicians can help by giving drugs that can increase production of digestive enzymes.

But, if it happens constipated though baby's digestive enzymes work system had worked perfectly, more due to diet or type of food that is less suitable. The minimal consumption of fiber, fruit and water could be one cause.

First Handling

There are several ways to cope with babies who experience constipation:

• If your toddler does not drink milk, choose a formula containing ingredients that can improve motility functions such as lactulose. This content can be identified from its packaging.
• In infants under the age of 6 months, could be assisted by using medicines that contain the stimulant laxative lactulose on the recommendation of a physician.
• For babies over the age of 6 months of starting supplementary food introduced breast milk, give the fruits rich in fiber, such as papaya, plums, pears, and lots of water consumed. Include always fibrous material in baby food menu in addition to other ingredients. Try baby food menus meet the nutritional balance.
• Wash baby with warm water so the baby is more relaxed so that the stool more easily exit. Apply eucalyptus oil around the baby's bloated stomach. You can also help put baby oil around the anus to reduce pain.
• Helps babies defecate with little exercise. Bend his knees toward baby's belly gently several times. This will help to remove a bowel movement.

When Going to the Doctor?

You should immediately bring the child to the doctor to get appropriate handler if seeing some of the things below:

• If your toddler constantly not defecate until more than 3 days
• Always looking abdominal pain and stool becomes hard
• Exit the blood in the stool
• There was a tear in the anal region due to strong pressure
• No change after changing his eat pattern.

Pain during childbirth is often a mother can not bear and finally chose Cesarean. But, if you plan to have children, it is worth choosing a normal birth. In addition, although sometimes the demands of career and lifestyle you desire postpone having children, it is useful to reconsider your plans. The reason, a study published in the Lancet medical journal's Online discover, Cesarean birth and have children in old age play a role in increasing the number of diabetes cases in children. If you can not stand the pain, you can use analgesics or choose a proven water birth can reduce the pain of childbirth.

According to the researchers, the number of children under 5 years of type 1 diabetes will double by 2020. The same tendency, bright researchers, also seen in older children.

Lifestyle, advanced researchers, is one factor to blame for making women delaying having children until older age. This, more researchers, the more exacerbated by Cesarean delivery options. In addition, according to the researchers, reducing the frequency of exposure also affects the germ.

All of these factors, bright researchers, describes the relationship between diabetes type 1 with the development of the immune system of children. Additional factors in height and weight in infants, and the rapid growth during the first few years of life, also affect the emergence of type 1 diabetes.

According to the researchers, approximately 250,000 people in the UK with type 1 diabetes. Most of them are children and young adults. Most of the patients, the researchers explain further, requiring daily insulin injections to control the disease. And if not properly controlled, can trigger long-term complications such as blindness, kidney failure and heart disease that can not be cured.

"Increasing the number of cases so fast it can not only associated with genetic factors alone," explained Dr Chris Patterson of Queen's University, Belfast, one of the researchers, was quoted as saying FOXNews website.

According to Patterson, environmental factors also trigger the addition of type 1 diabetes cases. The children born of older mothers, she was bright, a greater risk than children with younger mothers. Babies were born from the Cesarean, he's bright, risk 20% greater. While they are having to gain weight rapidly during the first year of life also have a higher risk. "Breastfeeding can reduce this risk," he explained. He added, other environmental factors also influence the lack of exposure to germs to babies.

Diabetes type 1, he's bright, highly correlated with the development of the immune system. In this case, type 1 diabetes will make the body stop producing insulin. "But these cases are still rare," he explained.

According to Dr Iain Frame, director of research from the charity Diabetes UK, evidence of an increasing number of cases of type 1 diabetes in children is very worrying. "Parents are in charge of giving insulin injections to the children or their babies several times a day.

Children with diabetes type 1, the light he was, at risk of short-term complications such as hypoglycemic episodes, where the brain does not get enough energy from blood sugar, or diabetic ketoacidosis, in which blood can be acidic. Both of these very dangerous and require treatment in hospital.

This increase, not only due to genetic factors but also environmental factors. "Other studies have also found several factors that trigger type 1 diabetes and increased as the low birth weight, increased with Cesarean delivery, and may also decrease the frequency of infection at early age. "

Malignancy of cancer can strike anyone, including children. As a result, the future is threatened not as smooth as hope.

Cancer ranks second as cause of child deaths aged 1-14 years. Barbara Bush, former First Lady of America, have lost a very young daughter, Robin, caused by malignant blood cancer or leukemia. Similarly, two international legendary football player Franz Beckenbauer and Gary Lineker, should be "losing" their voice due to cancer associated with childhood.

Cancer can occur in childhood, or the causes that have occurred since childhood and continues to accumulate that lead to cancer after an adult or elderly. A cancer needs a long time to develop. From the beginning there was not anything until it becomes cancer. From a young person until was no longer young.

Cancer that occurs in childhood naturally separate impact on the child, as well as his family. The future is not as smooth as the child is in danger of hope.

Just like other types of cancers, cancer in children remains potentially curable if found at an early stage. Unfortunately, the exact cause of cancer in children is unclear.

Children cancer is believed to occur due to interaction of various factors (multi factorial). For example, from the environment such as the rays of radioactive, nonradioactive, parental occupation, socioeconomic level, and infection.

Experts point the existence of a defect or defects in the cell. Babies in the womb have occurred since a genetic defect, then due to pass an environmental impact beyond the control of growth is called cancer. They suspect this as a change that occurred outside the ability of the mother who was pregnant with his baby.

Cancer in children has many types. The most common is acute leukemia, brain tumors, retinoblastoma, lymphoma, neuroblastoma, Wilms' tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma, and osteosarkoma. So far, cases of cancer in children is 2-3 percent of all cancers, with mortality rates around 10 percent.

In acute leukemia, white blood cells are released from bone marrow into the bloodstream before their time. White blood cells are then grown rapidly and become excessive.

The symptoms that looked like pale accompanied by lethargy and weakness, fever is not clear why, with signs of abnormal bleeding blue and blue-or red spots on skin, bone pain, swollen lymph glands, swollen abdomen feels hard when palpable.

Treatment strategy against leukemia include surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and bone marrow transplantation. Treatment success rate depends on the stage of cancer, type of cancer, histopathologic, treatment adherence, as well as supporting treatment. Leukemia treatment requires a process. However, leukemia can be cured, and long-term effects are also spelled out the minimum.

Nutritional anemia or iron in the blood is less known is one of the main nutritional problems in third countries, which may be suffered by all the age groups from infants, toddlers, school aged children, adolescents, adults, and elderly.

Various scientific studies show that patients also suffer from malnutrition iron deficiency is a negative impact on child growth and development. Anemia due to lack of nutrition and vitamins and other minerals still need attention. In fact, almost all age groups still suffer from anemia.

Based on Household Health Survey, the prevalence of anemia in infants around 0-5 years 47%, school aged children and adolescents about 26.5%, and women of childbearing age ranges from 40%.

Seeing some of the results of this survey, anemia, malnutrition remains a major nutritional problems in children, pregnant women, and women in general.

But the concern anemia is anemia that occurs in pregnant women and infants. Why? Because the group of pregnant women and infants is a group that has a golden period and the critical period. That is, mothers who are in need of containing minerals, protein, and folic acid. Toddlers also have a large period of growth, including brain growth is also desperately needed the intake.

If during pregnancy a mother and toddler mineral deficiencies, protein, and folic acid, a child will have a risk of permanent brain damage. If there is permanent brain damage, would be bad in the process of brain development.

Loss generation

When entering school, children have less intelligence.

Anemia can cause damage to brain cells is more dangerous permanently damage skin cells. Once brain cells are damaged can not be restored. Therefore, in the gold and the critical need of attention.

Unlike the case of famine. Although skin wrinkles and belly, can be solved as before. While toddlers who have suffered permanent brain damage difficult to overcome. This is a concern, the generation loss due to brain damage. Brain damage is difficult to be restored.

Rapid brain growth is starting a fetus in the womb until the age of 2 years. At that time the so called golden age with a growing brain cells reached 80%. The remaining 20% only after 2 years of age. Therefore, mothers who gave birth to her child breastfeeding is highly recommended.

Anemia caused by iron nutrition reciprocal relationship between the adequate intake of nutrients, especially iron and protein, with worms infection. Therefore, the response to iron nutritional anemia directed the short term by providing iron supplementation tablets plus handling blood and worms.

Children are not given enough nutritious food. If the bleeding is caused by worms and causes blood shortage is not resolved, it's useless. For example, there are children who eat well off, but the weight less. To overcome this need to program providers as well as eradication of nutritious foods worms.

For the long-term nutritional anemia prevention efforts directed by improving healthy lifestyle and clean through the family norms and patterns of nutrition conscious clean and healthy lifeIn addition, in response to iron nutritional anemia.

Fortunately for those who have the nature of motherhood. Though not yet a mother, a woman who had a gentle nature and loving like a mother-cells can produce new nerve cells in the brain that might be made more intelligent. Thus the results of the study researchers.

At least that's what reported a study by researchers from Tufts University's Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, London. Although this new study conducted on mice, but the analogous rat brain as a human brain was shown to have growth of new cells when a mother's activity.

In his study, mice who had never given birth were given a pet to evoke a sense of motherhood. The rats were stimulated to behave like a mother protecting pets including using his body to put her to bed in the nest. From mouse brain scans during the study progresses, an increase in the number of nerve cells in the rat brain.

Previous studies had mentioned that rodents are lactating (lactation) increased the formation of nerve cells in the brain. However, this study is the first study showing the benefits of maternal characteristics in living things that do not have kids.

Researchers focused the study on the part of the brain sub ventricular, which is part of the brain that produce cells associated with the introduction of smells and maternal traits. Adult female mice are reported to be motherhood has more nerve cells in the brain than rats that never connected with the children.

Yet researchers still do not know the cause of increased production of brain cells in mice. But the researchers speculate it is caused by the hormone prolactin, which stimulates maternal behavior and the formation of the formation of nerve cells in the brain. The more often associated with children's production of nerve cells in the brain will increase.

"This study shows that having the nature of motherhood is a benefit and blessing. Proven to behave like a mother, the new cells will grow on the brain and it is not impossible to make someone more intelligent. Fortunately for those who will and has become a mom," said the researcher, Robert Bridges as quoted by LiveScience.

This study is published in the Journal of Brain Research Bulletin and funded by the National Institutes of Health grants.

Genesis yellow baby from breastfeeding (breastmilk jaundice) are very rare. But not to worry, the problem due to a yellow baby feeding lasted only 1-2 days. After the process is stopped breastfeeding 1-2 days yellow baby will recover from breast milk may be continued so again.

So far people only know the cause of yellow baby due to differences in rhesus mother with his father. But it could jaundice resulting from breastfeeding, although their number is small.

This type of jaundice usually appears in the second week of life a baby or after 7 days and will reach its peak around day 10 of birth.

The incidence of yellow baby because breast milk is very small at around 1-2 percent of the birth of a baby. Up to now not known what causes of jaundice due to feeding.

As quoted from the book The Baby Book written by William and Martha Sears, to see if the baby suffered from jaundice, breast milk or not, the mother was asked to stop breastfeeding for 12-24 hours. If the infant bilirubin levels decreased to 20 percent quickly, then the results of these doctors correctly diagnosed.

However, mothers can still breastfeed her baby if the level of bilirubin is not too high. If the doctor asks the mother to not breastfeed for several days, then the mother should pump breast milk every 3 hours until allowed to return to breastfeeding.

Mother whose infant jaundice do not need to stop breastfeeding, but it is recommended to follow how the proper feeding and the frequency of breast-feeding. A number of fluids and calories derived from milk is necessary to help the newborn to clean the excess bilirubin in the body.

Nobody knows for sure why this could happen, according to Breastfeedingbasics, there is something in some mother's milk may increase bilirubin reasbsorption, thus affecting the liver in the process of reducing bilirubin levels.

Bilirubin is a yellow pigment produced by the solution of hemoglobin (Hb) in the liver. Normal levels of bilirubin for the baby being born with a month of about 12 mg / dl of blood, whereas if the baby is born prematurely or not enough in the normal bilirubin levels were 10 mg / dl blood.

In babies who have jaundice due to feeding will usually be stopped breastfeeding her for 1-2 days and replaced temporarily with formula. But after the bilirubin levels back to normal, then the mother can breastfeed her baby again and continue to breastfeed.

Breastmilk till now still the only food option for newborns, except on certain conditions which require the consumption of the baby to stop breastfeeding. Because some substances in milk may help improve weight loss and useful for improving infant immune system.

Parents who have baby girls usually want to dress her baby as beautiful as possible, including putting an earring in the ear of the little. Parents view the baby girl's ears pierced as early as possible so that the child did not feel pain.

Pierced ears is a simple procedure but it still gives discomfort to the baby. Parents have the option to make pierced ears as a baby because it will be different as if it were done when children are older.

As quoted from Pediatrics, some risks that must be avoided when making a baby's ears pierced, namely:

1. Infection
Babies who are too small do not have immune systems mature, so if there is infection in the baby's body piercing are not able to fight well.

2. Allergic reaction
Babies are very susceptible to allergic reactions, especially of the metals contained in the ring as nickel, silver or gold.

3. The earrings can be embedded.
There are probably part of the earring stud into the hole and embedded into the. Although this could occurs in all ages, but when the baby is very difficult to remove.

4. Injury occurred
The selection of earrings that can cause wound around the ears when the baby moves or play, because the baby's skin is very thin and easy to cut or scratched.

Pierced ears on babies is not a procedure that must be done as soon as possible. This can be delayed in order to advance first implementation baby feel more secure and have less risk.

If parents want to do pierced ears on baby daughter, try to wait until at least the baby is at least 3 months old. Because when the baby's age is enough to handle a mild infection and the baby is getting at least one immunization.

When want to make earrings pierced ears right pick in order to reduce the possibility of an allergic reaction or earrings broken when the baby is scratching his ear because it was uncomfortable. Choose sterile facilities and doctors who are experienced in doing pierced ears.

There are several cases of babies born with the condition of blood vessels that are not covered. This could lead to serious health problems. But researchers have had a breakthrough in understanding this problem, and this was related to the number of platelets in the blood of babies.

If the ductus arteriosus (short blood vessels) in the baby fails to close, it is likely that the baby could have had high blood pressure in his lungs and heart failure.

The team of researchers from Munich's Technischen University, Germany showed that platelets, the cells in the blood can form clots that this is an important role in the process of closing blood vessels. The results of this study was entered in the journal Nature Medicine.

Ductus arteriosus is a short blood vessel that connects the pulmonary artery the aorta. So most of the blood from the right heart chambers can be through the liquid in the fetal lung.

This can protect the lungs so as not too much to work and to strengthen the left heart chambers. In normal circumstances, usually so the growth completed, this vessel will close one hour after birth.

But sometimes this process does not occur, causing a condition known as patent ductus arteriosus. If this condition is not immediately corrected it can lead to pressure on the blood vessels of the lungs can lead to shortness of breath and dizziness. Ultimately lead to heartbeat irregularities and heart failure.

Researchers found that platelets play an important role, because if the platelets are not functioning properly then the ductus arteriosus fails to close. In addition the researchers also showed in a clinical study of preterm infants who do not have a sufficient number of platelets, a failure in the process close of ductus arteriosus.

"Based on these results, it is possible if performed platelet transfusions can reduce the risk of not closing ductus arteriosus in premature infants with a low number of platelets," says Dr. Steffen Massberg as lead researcher, as quoted by BBC News.

With the breakthrough was the use of platelet transfusions, is expected to help close the ductus arteriosus in babies who are vulnerable and potentially save the lives of babies.

Galen vein disorders disease is one of the rare disease in which a lot of blood vessels occurs in infants. Now with an injection of glue (glue injection) babies who suffer from vein disorders can be saved more.

Galen vein abnormalities can be detected since the fetus that causes severe heart failure condition. Children who suffer from a rare physical condition due to blood vessel abnormalities can die within a few days.

Now Galen vein disorder could be saved by using the injection of glue so that the child can survive. Adhesive that is injected can affect communication between the arteries and blood vessels in the brain.

The success of this treatment experienced by Dafi Evans, 16-month baby who came from Ceredigion, United Kingdom to be saved by using this glue injection. Dafi treated at Great Ormond Street Hospital in London and addressed by Dr Stefan Brew who had successfully operated on 50 children with Vein of Galen's disease since the year 2003.

This disease causes the baby's heart condition had to work harder, so the baby will usually die within three to four days due to heart failure or suffer from too much hydrocephalus water in the brain. But Dafi made it through all that and now Dafi 16-month-old toddlers who grow up as healthy as other children.

"I was very lucky disorders experienced by Dafi been known since the age of 36 weeks of pregnancy and I was immediately sent to the Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Hospital in London for further diagnosis," said Evan, mother of Dafi as quoted by BBC News.

Dafi was born in sections and immediately received treatment from Dr. Syefan Brew. The glue that is injected to suppress the brain through a catheter that can clog the leak. Two months later Dafi must return to the hospital to detect the existence of a second leak. Dafi forced to undergo five surgeries in his first year and at the age of 13 months should be his sixth surgery.

"His life is like a roller coaster, but now he can develop properly and full of energy. This is really fantastic, he looked back perfectly without a scar," said the mother.

Treatment using glue injection for children who experience such conditions can make it grow Dafi like any other normal child.

Approximately 60 percent of children who get this treatment can return to normal life while only about 20 percent of children experience a mild disability, severe disability 10 percent and 10 percent died.

As quoted from Childrenhospital, Galen vein disorder can affect the blood vessels in the brain due to abnormal connections between arteries and blood vessels. Should be between arteries and veins, there is a liaison to slow capillary blood flow so that enable the exchange of oxygen and nutrients.

Due to the absence of capillaries, blood flow is faster and can control the heart. The most severe complications can cause death from heart failure, or the child has hydrocephalus. These abnormalities could be detected through ultrasound examine during gestation reaches 26 weeks.

A boy in Milwaukee are able to memorize the bus schedule and mention where the buses are located throughout the day. There are also children who may develop a complex puzzle without hesitation even though the piece upside down. Another child can describe the events that happened on a particular day.

These miracles made Dr. Darold Treffert a clinical professor at the University of Wisconsin Medical School continued to find out how human brains are capable of producing remarkable achievement as he had witnessed in place worked for 44 years.

Treffert realize that these children have abnormalities savant syndrome (SIDS undergraduate or the ability of people who are educated). From here he began his quest to understand how people who severe mental disabilities can sometimes indicate what he called "the island of genius."

Savant syndrome, or sometimes abbreviated savantism not a recognized medical diagnosis. Until now still not known what caused the savant syndrome. Although this syndrome is almost similar to autism.

But Treffert describes it as a rare condition in which people with developmental disorders including autism disorders have one or more areas of expertise, ability or brilliance that contrast with most normal people.

In a journal entitled "Savant Syndrome: An Extraordinary Condition 'Treffert written there are some things that can be known about the miracle child savant syndrome:

1. Some people with autism show savant abilities. Approximately half of the people with savant syndrome have autistic disorder, while the other half again disabilities, mental retardation, brain damage or disease. But not all people with autism have savant syndrome, and not all of savant syndrome are autistic.
2. The number of people with autism and savant syndrome, more men. Normally, first the left brain than right brain develops. But according to one study, the male fetuses that are circulating testosterone with a very high level so that it can slow the growth and function of nerve damage is more likely occur in the left brain. This is what is causing the number of male patients savant syndrome more than women.
3. People with savant syndrome have an interesting special skills.Brilliance Treffert savant syndrome group in 5 general categories, namely music skills, art, calendar calculating, mathematics, and mechanical or spatial skills.
4. People with savant syndrome have a memory remarkable.
5. Savant syndrome can be innate or acquired due to brain injury or disease that occurs in infancy, childhood or adulthood.
6. Skills possessed savant syndrome usually do not get lost and if you continue to use trained and will continue to increase.

Until now there has been no theory that can explain the savant syndrome for sure. "I have come to a conclusion that if we can explain the savant syndrome, then we will not be able to explain ourselves," he said as quoted Treffert CNN.

World figures who have savant syndrome, among others, Matt Savage a jazz pianist. There is also Stephen Wiltshire and George Widener two extraordinary savant.

Baby brain bleeding in very dangerous because it can cause disability later. Doctors in the UK using brainwashing techniques or brain washing to minimize the damage.

Two doctors in the UK using the technique of 'brain washing' to pump and remove toxic products due to bleeding that can minimize the damage. Toxic liquid contained in the brain can produce pressure which can poison the brain and the skull deforms.

This technique has been done on Isaac Walker-Cox, who was born prematurely at 13 weeks of age and have the problem of bleeding due to rupture of blood vessels in the brain that cause the condition hydrocephalus (enlarged head) and is often fatal.

Nine years later, Isaac has grown rapidly over the average that is able to read well and have little paralysis on his left part of body.

"Earlier the doctors said that he will experience physical and mental disabilities are severe, but now it is not proven. He did not have any mental disability, can be a normal school and had experienced a physical disability does not inhibit the activity at all," said Steven, the father, as quoted from the TimesOnline.

"Premature babies are at risk of bleeding, because in the middle of pregnancy the fetus has many fragile blood vessels in the brain. With this technique is expected to further increase the number of premature babies can survive due to a brain hemorrhage," said Andrew Whitelaw, professor of neonatal medicine at the University of Bristol.

Some children who experience bleeding in the brain resulting hydrocephalus conditions or enlarged heads. The standard treatment is done by inserting needles into his head to remove fluid, but the treatment is not too successful.

With technical 'brain washing', a baby who suffered a brain hemorrhage and anesthesia was given two tubes inserted into the brain ventricles. A tube used to drain fluid that is full of toxins due to bleeding, and the other tube to enter the same artificial fluid.

By allowing the flow of fluid loss (fluid) in it, so doctors have to reduce the existing pressure to allow the healing process. Usually after three days of the tube can be removed.

In this study involving 77 preterm infants who received treatment for a brain bleed, with 38 babies undergoing treatment while the standard technique of 39 infants undergoing 'brain washing'. Obtained about 71 percent of babies who undergo standard treatment had died or suffered severe disability, whereas the new technique for only 54 percent.

"This is the first time a treatment has been shown to have benefits to the baby," says Whitelaw.

Expected technical 'brain washing' it will be widely applied as a treatment for conditions such as bleeding in the brain of a stroke in adults.

Case infants with birth weight below normal are still a lot happening. More than 90 percent of babies born weighing 800 grams or more can survive. Whereas infants weighing 500 grams or less have a 40-50 percent chance of survival, although the possibility of complications is greater.

Babies born with weight under 2500 grams (2.5 kg) including low body weight, whereas if the birth weight less than 1500 grams (1.5 kg) including very low weight.

In general, infants low weight for two reasons that were born prematurely (preterm) or because the pregnancy is indeed small.

An estimated 1 in 13 babies born has a low weight below normal. But if the baby is low birth weight, are usually very vulnerable having problems with his health or lack of capacity has now grown up.

As quoted from the Pregnancy, common cause of infant born with low weight is due to alcohol consumption, exposure to cigarette smoke during pregnancy, drug use on a regular basis, malnutrition, stress and excessive fear, mothers who low weight, genetic disorders, chronic illness, lack of care during pregnancy and when pregnancy is close to previously.

Infants with low weight have a lot of special need in order to survive, so often infants placed in the NICU (neonatal intensive care unit). NICU are usually designed to limit the pressure on the baby and the baby's basic needs such as warmth, nutrition and support the growth and development.

Besides with the help of the NICU, the mother can also help restore the condition of the infant with feeding. Providing exclusive breastfeeding is the best way of giving the baby to eat. Let your baby feed more often than every 3 to 4 hours, because breast milk contains all the nutritional needs of infants. Also give warmth to the baby, because babies with low weight vulnerable to hypothermia (body temperature down).

Not forgetting to give skin contact so that the baby feel more secure. And do control with your doctor regularly to see if there are symptoms of jaundice in infants, difficulty breathing or a fever that can be treated and quickly get a normal weight.